Exercise 8: Tone of Refusals

Often speakers use certain phrases toalert the hearer as to the upcoming refusal.This prepares the hearer for the negative response that is on its way and is done with a hesitant tone of voice.

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While presenting a refusal or a reason for the refusal, speakers are likely totalk hesitantly.They might use hedging expressions (e.g.,あのano‘um,’いやーiyaa‘well, um,’うーんUun‘Well, um’), euphemistic or non-assertive expressions, and/or incomplete sentences.These strategies help to create a humble tone.

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While making a refusal, it is important tocommunicate your positive feelingsabout your interlocutor even if you are not complying with his/her request or accepting the favor.

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Apologyhelps to present a refusal in a sincere tone of voice.

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When a Japanese speaker is refusing some major request or invitation from someone who is older or of higher status, you might see him/her bow while apologizing for the refusal.

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